1.原材料缺陷
1. raw material defects

如钢锭或钢材存在残余的缩孔、气泡、疏松、夹杂等，可能导致锻件开裂。冶金原因引起的锻造裂纹，其高倍检验特征，经常是伴有大量的氧化物井盖钢模具 U型槽模具 天津水处理设备 检查井钢模具 保定公司注册 u型槽模具 流水槽模具 、硫化物、硅酸盐等夹杂。高碳、高合金钢的原材料，容易存在严重的碳化物等第二相偏析，如果锻造时未能予以击碎并使其分布均匀，则会降低锻件的力学性能，热处理时可能导致锻件开裂或畸变。原材料表面若存在刮伤、结疤、折叠、发裂都会给锻件带来缺陷。因此，在模锻生产中必须对原材料进行检验。
If there are residual shrinkage holes, bubbles, loose and inclusions in ingot or steel, cracking may occur. The high strength inspection characteristics of forging cracks caused by metallurgical reasons are often accompanied by a large number of inclusions of oxides, sulphides and silicates. The raw materials of high carbon and high alloy steel are easy to have serious second phase segregation of carbides. If the forging is not broken and distributed evenly, the mechanical properties of the forgings will be reduced, and the cracking or distortion of the forgings may be caused by heat treatment. Scratching, scarring, folding and cracking will result in defects on the surface of the raw material. Therefore, raw materials must be inspected in die forging.