据锻件的重要性及材料特性来确定检验项目。力学性能试样必须从同一熔炼炉，同一热处理炉中取出的锻件上切取。试样切取、试样形状尺寸、检验方法均按国家标准规定进行。
The inspection items are determined according to the importance and
material properties of the forgings. The mechanical properties of the
specimens must be cut from the forgings taken from the same smelting
furnace and the same heat treatment furnace. Sample cutting, sample size
and testing methods are carried out in accordance with national
standards.
(1)硬度试验硬度试验是生产中常用的、判断锻件力学性能最简便的方法。硬度试验的目的是：保证锻件机械加工时有正常的切削性能；判断锻件表面的脱碳情况；了解锻件内部组织的不均匀程度。硬度试验一般在锻件热处理后进行，可使用布氏硬度或洛氏硬度计等。
(1) hardness test is the easiest way to judge the mechanical
properties of forgings in production. The purpose of the hardness test
is to ensure the normal cutting performance of the forging parts, to
judge the decarbonization of the forgings, and to understand the
inhomogeneous degree of the internal structure of the forgings. Hardness
test is usually carried out after forging heat treatment. Brinell
hardness or Rockwell hardness tester can be used.
(2) tensile test is used to determine yield limit under uniaxial
tension. The ultimate strength is CRB, elongation and shrinkage.
(3)冲击试验用来检验材料或锻件的韧性。工作时受冲击载荷与振动载荷，或在高温、高速下工作的零件，如涡轮盘、涡轮叶片等，一般需要进行冲击试验。
(3) impact test is used to check the toughness of materials or
forgings. Shock tests are usually required for working parts, such as
shock loads and vibration loads, or parts operating at high temperatures
and high speeds, such as turbine discs and turbine blades.
